You read correctly. The effective GST rate for the bottom 30% of households is less than 3% after factoring in the GST voucher scheme.
The full impact of the GST will be borne largely by higher-income households, as well as tourists, and foreigners who are based here. This is also the group that contributes the biggest share (70%) to net GST revenues from households and individuals.
𝟑𝟎% 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐧𝐞𝐭 𝐆𝐒𝐓 𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐮𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐬 𝐬𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫 𝟖𝟎% 𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐧 𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐡𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐬. They include households earning good incomes.
In other words, 80% of households contributed around $1.7 billion in net GST revenue while tourists, foreigners and top 20% households contributed to $4 billion (2018 and 2019 data).
The Government gives $1 billion annually in GST Vouchers to lower and lower-middle income households.
Data in this post are data given in Parliament speeches and replies to MPs' questions.
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